Bignonieae is the largest tribe of Bignoniaceae, with 21 genera and 393 species of lianas and shrubs that are 1-3-foliolate with the terminal leaflet modified as tendrils. We examined the micromorphologies of the epidermis from the leaflet blade of 13 species of Bignonieae belonging to Amphilophium, Anemopaegma, Bignonia, Cuspidaria, Dolichandra, Fridericia, Pyrostegia, Tanaecium, and Xylophragma, from Pico do Jabre, Paraiba, Brazil. These are lianas except for Tanaecium parviflorum (shrub). We sought to identify the epidermal leaflet parameters to support their taxonomy, subject to great similarities between their vegetative characters, mainly in species of the same genus and related genera. Analyses were performed using light and scanning electron microscopy, and showed five types of epicuticular waxes, four cuticle types, three epidermal cell anticlinal wall types, and nonglandular and glandular trichomes. Hypostomatic leaves showed 10 different types of stomata, with stomatal indices from 6.21% (Bignonia ramentacea) to 23.52% (Tanaecium parviflorum), and stomatal densities from 76 stomata/mm(2) (Pyrostegia venusta) to 752.9 stomata/mm(2) (T. parviflorum). The presence of raphides in Amphilophium crucigerum and styloids in Fridericia pubescens constitute the first records for these genera. Epidermal micromorphology provided a set of distinctive characters with which to separate these species, representing an additional tool to support their taxonomies, as well as that of tribe Bignonieae.